Electricity is a part of modern life, powering our lights and appliances. But it also comes with risks that can be deadly if not managed properly. Every home, office and factory relies on electrical systems so we need to be aware of the risks. Identifying and addressing these risks can prevent fires, electric shocks and other nasty situations. Here are 8 of the most common electrical hazards in your home and how to manage them.
1. Poor Wiring and Faulty Wires
One of the most common electrical hazards is poor wiring. Wires that don’t meet safety standards or have deteriorated over time can cause fires, power surges and other serious problems. Faulty wiring can be due to aging, pest damage or poor installation practices.
Don’t do DIY electrical work and hire professional electricians for installation and repairs. A licensed electrician can ensure your home’s wiring meets all current safety standards and is safe to use. Regular inspections by a professional can detect faulty wiring before it becomes a big hazard.
Key Point: According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), electrical failures or malfunctions were the 2nd leading cause of home fires in the US from 2012 to 2016, accounting for 13% of all reported home fires.
2. Damaged, Worn or Corroded Wires
Over time electrical wires can become damaged, worn out or corroded and become a big safety hazard. Damaged wires can cause electric shocks, sparks and even fires. Wear and tear can be due to age, environmental factors or rodents chewing on wires. Corroded wires can also be a fire risk because of increased electrical resistance which generates heat.
To prevent accidents, have your home’s wiring inspected regularly by a licensed electrician. If old or damaged wires are found, replace them immediately to prevent risks. Keeping your electrical system well maintained can reduce the risk of fire and other electrical problems.
Safety Tip: Don’t overload outlets and don’t use damaged or frayed extension cords, they can increase the risk of electrical fires.
3. Outlets near Water
Water and electricity is a deadly combination. Outlets near water sources like bathrooms, kitchens and outdoor areas must be installed with care. Water conducts electricity and can cause electric shock if outlets are not protected or placed too close to water.
To reduce this risk use Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) outlets in areas with water exposure. GFCI outlets can cut off power if they detect a ground fault and protect against electric shock. Keep outlets away from direct water contact and make sure any appliances used near water are grounded.
Key Point: The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) reports 70 people die each year from accidental electric shock in the home, often involving appliances or outlets near water.
4. Lightbulbs near Flammable Materials
While lightbulbs themselves are not a hazard, they can become a hazard when placed near flammable materials. Items like beds, drapes, plastics and upholstery can catch fire if they come in contact with a hot lightbulb.
Always keep light fixtures away from flammable materials. Use the correct wattage bulb for each fixture to prevent overheating. Overloaded light fixtures can get extremely hot and increase the risk of fire. Consider using LED bulbs which generate less heat than incandescent bulbs.
Safety Tip: Never cover lamps or light fixtures with cloth or paper, they can catch fire if they come in contact with a hot bulb.
5. Covered Electrical Cords and Wires
Covering electrical cords and wires can cause overheating which can lead to electrical fire. Heavy coverings can trap heat and prevent air circulation and make the cords hot.
To prevent overheating avoid running cords under carpets, rugs or heavy furniture. Keep cords exposed and ensure they have good ventilation. If possible use power strips with built-in circuit breakers that can cut off power if they detect overheating. Properly managing your electrical cords and wires can prevent fire hazards.
Key Point: According to the Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI) extension cords are responsible for about 3,300 home fires annually resulting in 50 deaths and 270 injuries.
6. Water on Electrical Fires
A common myth is that water can put out any fire, but that’s not true for electrical fires. Pouring water on an electrical fire can make it worse as water conducts electricity and can spread the fire or cause electric shock.
Instead use a fire extinguisher designed for electrical fires, typically labeled as a Class C extinguisher. These extinguishers use non-conductive chemicals to put out electrical fires. If you don’t have a fire extinguisher, turn off the power source and call the fire department immediately.
Safety Tip: Keep a Class C fire extinguisher in areas where electrical fires are a risk, like kitchens, garages and workshops.
7. Curious Young Children
Children are curious and may be tempted to explore electrical outlets and cords which can lead to serious injury or even death. Babies and toddlers are at risk of electric shock if they insert objects or their fingers into outlets.
To protect young children use plastic outlet covers or tamper-resistant outlets. These safety devices prevent children from inserting objects into the outlets. Keep electrical cords out of reach and teach children about electricity as they grow older.
Key Point: According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) about 2,400 children each year suffer severe shock and burns after sticking objects into outlets.
8. Wet Hands and Electrical Appliances
Using electrical appliances with wet hands increases the risk of electric shock. Wet hands provide a path for electricity to travel through the body and can cause serious injury. Common scenarios are reaching for a hairdryer with wet hands or touching a light switch after washing hands.
To prevent electric shock dry your hands thoroughly before handling any electrical device. Keep appliances away from sinks, bathtubs and showers and ensure electrical devices in bathrooms and kitchens are GFCI-protected.
Safety Tip: Unplug appliances when not in use especially in wet areas to prevent accidental shocks.
9. Misuse of Extension Cords
Extension cords are useful for temporary power needs but can be hazardous if misused. Overloading extension cords by plugging in too many devices can cause overheating and fire. Using cords that are not rated for the power requirements of the devices connected can also cause overheating.
To use extension cords safely choose cords that are rated for the power needs of your devices. Avoid daisy-chaining multiple cords together and never use extension cords as a permanent solution. Inspect cords regularly for damage and replace any that show signs of wear or fraying.
Key Point: According to the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) 50% of extension cord related fires are due to overloaded cords or short circuits.
Stay Safe by Addressing Electrical Hazards
Electrical hazards in the home can be dangerous but can be managed and minimized with awareness and precautions. By knowing these common hazards – poor wiring, outlets near water and misuse of extension cords – and taking action to address them you can protect your home and loved ones from electrical accidents.
If you have any wiring issues or electrical hazards call a licensed electrician not yourself. Regular inspections and maintenance will ensure your home’s electrical system is safe and up to code. Be aware and take action to create a safe and secure space.
